Improvement in exhaust-nozzles for steam-engines



anni @Winry WILLIAM A. FOSTER, OF FITCHBURG, MASSACHUSETTS.

Letters Patent No. 107,605, dated September20, 1870.

IMPROVEMENT IN v.'ElXH,AU'ST-N'OZZ'IIIES FOR. STAM-ENG-INES.

The Schedule referred to in these Lettera Patent and making part of the same To all zbhom it mayl concern g y Be it known that I, WILLIAM A.Fosjrnn, of Fitch burg, in the county of Worcester and Stateof Massachusetis, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Exhaust-Nozzle for Locomotives; and I do hereby declare the vfollowing to bea full, clear, and exact description of the'same, reference'being had to the accompanying drawing forming a :part of this specification, in which- K A Figure lrepresents a planview'of such parts of a locomotive as are-n ment;`

Figure Zrepresents a rearvview of the same; and

Figure 3 represents a central Avertical section of lthe same on the line AB, ignl. y

To enable those skilled' in the art to whichmy invention belongs to make and use the same, I will proceed to describe it more in detail. .Y t.

The object of my invention is to provide a means. of closing the exhaust-pipe in locomotives to prevent cinders and otherrsubstances from being -drawn into the cylinders when the steam -is shut oil', and the engine is in motion. l. 4 l

My invention relates to a spring valve for closingth'e exhaust-nozzle of a steam-engine, and consists iu the employment of au additional spring to arrest the outward movement of the valve, Aas hereinafter described.-

.In the drawing- The part marked Arepresents the nozzle of the ex-w haust-pipe, which pipe may be arranged in the ordinary manner, and, consequently, does' not require to .be more fully described. Y

Flanges, a, are formed around the lower end of the nozzle A, by means, of which itI can be secured to ,the end of the exhaust-pipe.

Its upper part'above the circular orifice A is made in rectangular form, withv vertical flanges, B B1, at three of its sides, while, -at itsfourth or rear side, is hung a valve, O, which extends-diagonally across the interior, between the flanges B B1, and completely closes theopening.l l

Diagonal shoulders, b, are formed on the vertical sides B, while at the front, B,` and back, B2, the metal is properly beveled, and, in connection-with the shoulders b, forms a square valve-seat, as indicated by dotted lines, figs. l and 2, so that the valve() will t closely at all points when closed.

l The valve O is hung upon a pivot-bolt, l), which extends through the rear part oi' the nozzle fromside to side, as shown in the drawing, and upon which the valve is allowed to swing freely..

An upright spring, E, is arranged at Vthe back of ecessary to `illustrate my improve- I thevvalve C, against which the latter strikes when thrown open, and is thereby relieved from any-inj urious shock, and at the same time prevented from swin ging too farback.

A'smallreturningspring,1F, is also arranged be tween the valve .O andv spring E, for the purpose of' quickly'closing the valve C.

ThisspringF is made very flexible, and its upper end standswellout over the valve, as indicated. A +Tl1e-springs-Eand F are curved, as shown at jiso -as to clear thehinge'O'of the valve O, and their lower ends are rinly secured to the nozzle A by screws orbolts,G.`.

The ,va'lve O is raised by the exhaust steam or air as it issues fromtheoriiice A', and is closed by its own weight, assisted by the spring F, when the jet from the orifice Aceases.- It is well known to thoseconversant withthe working of locomotive 4steam-engines, that, when the. steam is shut ofiQ-andthe engine is in motion, a partial vacuum is formed within the cylinders, and, when the exhaustlva'lye opens, the air, 'being capable oi' quicker-action than the piston, rushes back -through the exhaust-pipe and into the cylinder, to overcome the vacuum, and carries witlrit a greater' or lesser lquantit-yof cinders, a part of which becomes lo'dged among the-valves and within the cylinder.

The cinders thus drawn in work in between the faces of the valve and valve-seat, and greatly increase the amount of friction'between the parts, wearing away the metal in a veryuneven manuel', so that the parts require to be very oft-en refaced, especially upon coal-burning engines.l

The cinders also assist in wearing away the packing of the pistons and the interior of the cylinders.

rIhis dicultyV is wholly obviated by the use of the devices herein described, as the valve G prevents any backcurrent from passing through the exhaust-pipes, and, consequently, excludes all cinzlers and other matter. g Another advantage gained by the use of the stopvalve. C in the manner described is that, by preventing the ingress of' air in -front ofthe piston, a more perfect vacuum is vformedin the cylinder when the .steam is shut othso that the machinery works with greater ease, because the piston does not'have vto -force out aqnant-ity of air, as it does with` the ordi-- nary construction oi'- theA exhaust-pipe.

In lieu of arranging thevalve C at the ends of the nozzle A, said valve may be arranged at any other position in the exhaust-pipe; for instance, itmay .be placed in the horizontal part of the pipe, and be hinged at its upper side, inwhich case no spring would be required for closing the valve, as its own 1'. The spring E, yolvuereting substantially as d'eweight would be fully sulicient for the' purpose. scribed. 4

, The valve may be made in rectangular form, as 2. The combination with theexhaust-'nozzle of al shown, or in any other desired sha-pe, to t t-he opensteam-engine and its valve, of the two springs E F,

ing of the exhaust-pipe. for operationsubstantially as shown and desoribed.

Y Having described my improvement in loconio- WILLIAM A. FOSTER.v

tives, XVituesses g i WhabI Claim therein as new and of my invention, H. D. MGINTIRE,

and desire to secure by Letters Patent, isl OHAS. A. MORGAN. 

